Nobel Prize in Medicine 2024: American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun have been awarded the prestigious Nobel Prize for their pioneering discovery of microRNA (miRNA) and its critical role in gene regulation. This groundbreaking research reveals how tiny RNA molecules regulate gene activity, contributing to our understanding of cellular processes in multicellular organisms, including humans. As part of the award, the scientists will also receive a cash prize. Key Discovery: The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for their work on miRNA, a class of small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression after transcription. This discovery has been instrumental in understanding how gene regulation errors can lead to diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.

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Nobel Prize for Medicine 2024: The Impact of Their Discovery

MicroRNA and Gene Control: Ambros and Ruvkun’s findings revolutionized the way scientists understand gene regulation in multicellular organisms. Gene regulation plays a crucial role in determining the specialized functions of different cells, such as nerve or muscle cells, despite having identical genetic information. The discovery of microRNA shed light on the mechanisms that allow cells to selectively activate only the necessary genes, ensuring proper cellular function and development.

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Nobel Prize for Medicine 2024: Award Selection and Cash Prize

The Karolinska Institute’s Nobel Assembly selects the Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine. Ambros and Ruvkun’s discovery has earned them a cash award of 11 million Swedish crowns ($1.1 million), highlighting the global significance of their contributions to medical science.